Law on Abolishment of Nagorno-Karabakh Autonomous Oblast
The Law on Abolishment of Nagorno-Karabakh Autonomous Oblast (or the resolution № 279-XII) was a motion passed by the Supreme Soviet of the Republic of Azerbaijan and signed into law by the President of Azerbaijan Ayaz Mutalibov on November 26, 1991.[1] The law had been prompted by a vote in the National Assembly of the Nagorno-Karabakh Autonomous Oblast in favor of uniting itself with the Armenian SSR on 20 February 1988. The vote was followed by an independence referendum in 1991 which was boycotted by the Azerbaijani population of the Oblast; most voted in favor of independence. While these votes and elections had mainly been conducted in a relatively peaceful manner, in the following months, as the Soviet Union disintegrated, it gradually grew into an increasingly violent conflict between ethnic Armenians and ethnic Azerbaijanis. Both sides claimed that ethnic cleansing was being carried out.[2][3] The declaration of secession from Azerbaijan was the final result of a territorial conflict regarding the land.[4]
History
The Nagorno-Karabakh Autonomous Oblast (NKAO) was created as an autonomous oblast by carving out the mountainous districts of Azerbaijan which constituted historic Karabakh within the Azerbaijan SSR from July 7, 1923. The NKAO included territories of the former Javanshir, Shusha, Jabrayil uyezds and a part of Qubadli which was part of the Zangezur Uyezd. The Russian term Nagorno (Mountainous) was affixed to the Turco-Persian name Karabagh (Black Garden) and the name of the oblast was officially changed to the Nagorno-Karabakh Autonomous Oblast in 1937.[5] In 1988, Armenians of Nagorno-Karabakh demanded the transfer of the NKAO to the Armenian SSR. Following the escalation of the Nagorno-Karabakh conflict, Azerbaijan abolished the Nagorno-Karabakh Autonomous Oblast on November 26, 1991, rearranging the administrative division and theoretically bringing the territory under the direct control of Azerbaijan.[6][7][8]
Provisions
Resolution No. 279-XII discussed in the Azerbaijani Parliament stated that whereas the existence of the Nagorno-Karabakh Autonomous Oblast created in 1923 brought tensions between the Azerbaijani and Armenian peoples; ran counter to the national interests of Azerbaijan; and created the basis and conditions for Armenian nationalists to destroy all ethnic, historical, political, economic and moral values and riches of Azerbaijan, the parliament thus considered creation of the oblast to be illegitimate. The text questioned why an enclave with an Armenian majority had been created on Azerbaijani territory while no cultural autonomy was given to half a million Azerbaijanis in Armenia, whom the text claimed were being deported en masse. The resolution condemned the acts of Armenian militants in Karabakh and the policies of the Armenian Republic conducted in violation of Azerbaijan's territorial integrity. The Parliament called for the protection of the sovereignty of Azerbaijan and for full integration of the mountainous part with the rest of the Karabakh region of Azerbaijan.
In compliance with Article 68, Section 3, Item 2 of Clause 104 of the Constitution of the Azerbaijan Republic and Article 4 of the Constitution Act on the State Sovereignty of the Azerbaijan Republic, the Nagorno-Karabakh Autonomous Republic was abolished. The Decree on Establishment of Nagorno-Karabakh Oblast of the Azerbaijan Central Executive Committee dated July 7, 1923, and the Law on the Nagorno-Karabakh Autonomous Oblast of the Azerbaijan SSR dated June 16, 1981, were declared to be defunct by the Parliament of the Azerbaijan Republic.[by whom?]
The cities of Stepanakert, Mardakert, and Martuni were renamed to their respective Azeri names. Stepanakert was renamed to Khankendi, Mardakert to Aghdara, Mardakert District to Aghdara District, Martuni to Khojavend, and Martuni District to Khojavend District. Askeran District and Hadrut District were abolished. Khojali District was established with its administrative center in Khojaly and the abolished Askeran District was incorporated into it. The abolished Hadrut District was incorporated into the Khojavend District.[9]
See also
References
- ^ "AZƏRBAYCAN RESPUBLIKASININ DAĞLIQ QARABAĞ MUXTAR VILAYƏTINI LƏĞV ETMƏK HAQQINDA Azərbaycan Respublikasının Qanunu". Archived from the original on 2012-03-26. Retrieved 2012-08-02.
- ^ Rieff, David (June 1997). "Without Rules or Pity". Foreign Affairs. 76 (2). Council on Foreign Relations. Retrieved 13 February 2007.
- ^ Lieberman, Benjamin (2006). Terrible Fate: Ethnic Cleansing in the Making of Modern Europe. Chicago: Ivan R. Dee. pp. 284–292. ISBN 1-56663-646-9.
- ^ Croissant, Michael P. (1998). The Armenia-Azerbaijan Conflict: Causes and Implications. London: Praeger. ISBN 0-275-96241-5.
- ^ Altstadt, Audrey (1992). The Azerbaijani Turks: power and identity under Russian rule. United Kingdom: Hoover Press. pp. 126–127. ISBN 0-8179-9182-4. Retrieved 2011-08-30.
- ^ Roeder, Philip G. (2007). Where nation-states come from: institutional change in the age of nationalism. United Kingdom: Princeton University Press. p. 51. ISBN 978-0-691-13467-3. Retrieved 2011-08-30.
- ^ Anvar Ahmad (2011-07-30). "İnamın işığı" [Ray of hope]. Adalet. Retrieved 2011-08-30.
- ^ "Xocavənd Rayon Kitabxanası" [Regional Library of Khojavend]. Retrieved 2011-08-30.
- ^ "AZƏRBAYCAN RESPUBLIKASININ DAĞLIQ QARABAĞ MUXTAR VILAYƏTINI LƏĞV ETMƏK HAQQINDA Azərbaycan Respublikasının Qanunu". Archived from the original on 2012-03-26. Retrieved 2012-08-02.
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- Nagorno-Karabakh
- History
- Armenian–Azerbaijani war (1918–1920)
- Deportation of Azerbaijanis from Armenia
- Dissolution of the Soviet Union
- Karabakh movement
- Armenians in Azerbaijan
- Azerbaijanis in Armenia
- Anti-Armenian sentiment in Azerbaijan
- Armenia–Azerbaijan relations
- Çardaqlı clash
- Askeran clash
- Sumgait pogrom
- Gugark pogrom
- Zvartnots Airport clash
- Shusha and Stepanakert pogroms
- Kirovabad pogrom
- Il-76 crash near Leninakan (1988)
- Baku pogrom
- Bağanis Ayrum
- 1990 Tbilisi–Agdam bus bombing
- Operation Ring
- Voskepar massacre
- Battle of Togh
- 1991 Azerbaijani Mil Mi-8 shootdown
- Law on Abolishment of Nagorno-Karabakh Autonomous Oblast
- Siege of Stepanakert
- Operation Dashalty
- 1992 Azerbaijani Mil Mi-8 shootdown
- Capture of Gushchular and Malibeyli
- Capture of Garadaghly
- Khojaly massacre
- Maraga massacre
- Capture of Shusha
- Capture of Artsvashen
- Operation Goranboy
- Mardakert and Martuni Offensives
- Operation Həsənqaya
- Battle of Lachin
- Operation Qazançı
- 1993 Azerbaijani coup d'état
- Battle of Kalbajar
- Battle of Aghdam
- 1993 Summer Offensives
- Operation Geghamasar
- Operation Horadiz
- Operation Kalbajar
- 1994 Baku Metro bombings
- 1994 Iranian Air Force C-130 shootdown
- 1994 Bagratashen bombing
- Refugees in Azerbaijan
- 2008 Mardakert clashes
- January 2009 Agdam military incident
- September 2009 Agdam military incident
- 2010 Nagorno-Karabakh clashes
- 2010 Mardakert clashes
- 2012 Armenian–Azerbaijani border clashes
- 2014 Armenian–Azerbaijani clashes
- 2014 Armenian Mil Mi-24 shootdown
- 2016 Odundağ clashes
- 2016 Nagorno-Karabakh conflict
- 2017 Nagorno-Karabakh conflict
- 2018 Armenian–Azerbaijani clashes
- 2019 clash near Chinari
- July 2020 Armenian–Azerbaijani clashes
- Baker rules
- Bishkek Protocol
- Tehran Communiqué
- Zheleznovodsk Communiqué
- OSCE Minsk Group
- Prague Process
- Madrid Principles
- 2020 ceasefire agreement
- 2020–2024 monitoring and peacekeeping
- 2023 ceasefire agreement