Proteaza
Proteaza (peptidaza, proteinaza) je enzim koji izvodi proteolizu. Proteaza započinje proteinski katabolizam hidrolizom peptidnih veza koje povezuju aminokiseline u polipeptidne lance od kojih je formiran protein.[1][2]
Klasifikacija
Standard
Proteaze se dele u šest grupa:
- Serinske proteaze
- Treoninske proteaze
- Cisteinske proteaze
- Aspartatne proteaze
- Metaloproteaze
- Glutamatne proteaze
Treoninske i glutamatne proteaze nisu bile poznate do 1995 i 2004, respektivno. Mehanizam raskidanja peptidne veze obuhvata korak u kome nukleofil napada peptidnu vezu. Nukleofil je bilo aminokiselina peptidaze (cistein, serin, treonin) ili molekul vode kod aspartat-, metalo- i glutamatne proteaze. Jedan način formiranja nukleofila je putem katalitičke trijade, gde se histidinski ostatak koristi za aktivaciju serina, cisteina, ili treonina.
Reference
Literatura
- Barrett A.J., Rawlings ND, Woessner JF. The Handbook of Proteolytic Enzymes, 2nd ed. Academic Press, 2003. ISBN 0-12-079610-4.
- Hedstrom L. Serine Protease Mechanism and Specificity. Chem Rev 2002;102:4501-4523.
- Southan C. A genomic perspective on human proteases as drug targets. Drug Discov Today 2001;6:681-688.
- Hooper NM. Proteases in Biology and Medicine. London: Portland Press, 2002. ISBN 1-85578-147-6.
- Puente XS, Sanchez LM, Overall CM, Lopez-Otin C. Human and Mouse Proteases: a Comparative Genomic Approach. Nat Rev Genet 2003;4:544-558.
- Ross J, Jiang H, Kanost MR, Wang Y. Serine proteases and their homologs in the Drosophila melanogaster genome: an initial analysis of sequence conservation and phylogenetic relationships. Gene 2003;304:117-31.
- Puente XS, Lopez-Otin C. A Genomic Analysis of Rat Proteases and Protease Inhibitors. Genome Biol 2004;14:609-622.
- Lucía Feijoo-Siota, Tomás G. Villa Native and Biotechnologically Engineered Plant Proteases with Industrial Applications. Food and Bioprocess Technology 2010.
Spoljašnje veze
- Međunarodno udruženje za proteolizu
- Baza podataka peptidaza Arhivirano 2006-11-14 na Wayback Machine-u
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3.4.11 | |
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3.4.13 | Dipeptidaza (1, 2, 3) |
3.4.14 | Dipeptidil peptidaza (Katepsin C, Dipeptidil peptidaza-4) • Tripeptidil peptidaza (Tripeptidil peptidaza I, Tripeptidil peptidaza II) |
3.4.15 | |
3.4.16 | |
3.4.17 | |
Drugi/negrupisni | Metaloeksopeptidaza |
Serinske peptidaze • Cisteinska proteaza • Aspartatna proteaza • Metaloendopeptidaze
Druge/negrupisane: Sekretaza amiloidnog prekursornog proteina (Alfa-sekretaza, Beta-sekretaza 1, Beta-sekretaza 2, Gama sekretaza)
Druge/negrupisane: Sekretaza amiloidnog prekursornog proteina (Alfa-sekretaza, Beta-sekretaza 1, Beta-sekretaza 2, Gama sekretaza)
Stafilokinaza
B enzm: 1.1/2/3/4/5/6/7/8/10/11/13/14/15-18, 2.1/2/3/4/5/6/7/8, 2.7.10, 2.7.11-12, 3.1/2/3/4/5/6/7, 3.1.3.48, 3.4.21/22/23/24, 4.1/2/3/4/5/6, 5.1/2/3/4/99, 6.1-3/4/5-6